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Abstract(s)
Com a integração da ergonomia na cirurgia laparoscópica espera-se que, os vários proble-mas ergonómicos associados a este tipo de cirurgia, sejam solucionados, ou então, amenizados, diminuindo as queixas por parte dos profissionais.
Existem diversos problemas associados à ergonomia da cirurgia laparoscópica, tais como a postura adotada pelos cirurgiões, a posição da mesa operatória, a posição dos pedais e dos mo-nitores, a configuração dos manípulos dos instrumentos utilizados e o tamanho das mãos dos cirurgiões, subjacente a todos os fatores anteriormente descritos encontram-se problemas físi-cos. Muitos cirurgiões têm relatado diferentes problemas físicos, tais como, parestesia, sín-drome do túnel cárpico e tendinites, entre outros. Isto levou a ponderar o desenvolvimento de instrumentos de medição dos esforços das mãos dos cirurgiões, de forma a que fosse possível implementar medidas de melhoria da ergonomia dos instrumentos.
Assim, o presente trabalho consistiu em medir e avaliar os esforços exercidos pelos dedos numa amostra de 56 indivíduos, em que 27 são do sexo feminino e 29 são do sexo masculino. Para tal foi construída uma plataforma de medição dos esforços dos dedos e outra para a medi-ção do seu comprimento. Após a aquisição dos dados estes foram processados e analisados, respetivamente, no software Excel e no software de tratamento estatístico IBM SPSS, no sen-tido de se conseguir afirmar qual o esforço realizado por cada dedo, com pertinência na cirurgia laparoscópica.
No software IBM SPSS realizou-se o processamento dos dados através do cálculo do coe-ficiente de correlação do Rho de Spearman, que permite medir a intensidade da relação entre duas variáveis ordinais, e do teste de Mann-Whitney, este testa a igualdade das medianas das
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variáveis. Através do coeficiente de Rho de Spearman foi possível estabelecer a correlação entre o comprimento e a força aplicada por cada dedo. Já pelo teste de Mann-Whitney foi pos-sível estabelecer a relação entre o género e o comprimento dos dedos, e entre o género e a força aplicada por cada dedo.
Partindo dos resultados obtidos espera-se que seja possível dar continuidade ao trabalho desenvolvido, através dos dados será possível construir um manípulo laparoscópico instrumen-tado para a medição de esforços. Sendo que estes iram ser medidos, não só em ambiente de simulação como em ambiente de bloco operatório. Na esperança de melhorar a ergonomia dos manípulos dos instrumentos laparoscópicos e consequentemente a ergonomia da cirurgia lapa-roscópica.
With the integration of ergonomics in laparoscopic surgery it is expected that the various ergonomic problems associated with this type of surgery, will be solved, or minimized, reduc-ing complaints by professionals. There are several problems associated with the ergonomics of laparoscopic surgery, such as the posture adopted by surgeons, the position of the operating table, the position of the pedals and monitors, the configuration of knobs of instruments and the size of the hands of surgeons, underlying all the factors described above are physical problems. Many surgeons have reported different physical problems such as paresthesia, carpal tunnel syndrome, tendinitis, among oth-ers. This led to consider the development of measuring instruments of the efforts of the hands of surgeons, so that it was possible to implement measures to improve the ergonomics of the instruments. Thus, the present study was to measure and assess the efforts exerted by the fingers of a sample of 56 individuals, in which 27 are female and 29 are male. For this was constructed a measuring platform for the efforts of the fingers and another for measuring the length of the fingers. After the acquisition of these data, this were processed and analyzed, respectively, us-ing the software Excel and the statistical analysis software SPSS, in order to be able to say which effort is made by each finger, associating with laparoscopic surgery. In IBM SPSS software, it was held the data processing by calculating the correlation coef-ficient of Spearman's Rho, which measures the intensity of the relationship between two ordinal variables, and Mann-Whitney test, this tests the equality of the medians variables. Through the application of Spearman Rho coefficient, it was possible to establish the correlation between the length and the force applied by each finger. By the application of the Mann-Whitney test it viii was possible to establish the relationship between gender and the length of the fingers, and between gender and the force applied by each finger. From the results obtained it’s expected that with the continuity of the work, it will be possible to build a laparoscopic handle instruments for the measurement of efforts. Since these will be measured not only in simulation environment as in the operating room. Hoping to improve the ergonomics of the handles of laparoscopic instruments and consequently the ergonomics of laparoscopic surgery.
With the integration of ergonomics in laparoscopic surgery it is expected that the various ergonomic problems associated with this type of surgery, will be solved, or minimized, reduc-ing complaints by professionals. There are several problems associated with the ergonomics of laparoscopic surgery, such as the posture adopted by surgeons, the position of the operating table, the position of the pedals and monitors, the configuration of knobs of instruments and the size of the hands of surgeons, underlying all the factors described above are physical problems. Many surgeons have reported different physical problems such as paresthesia, carpal tunnel syndrome, tendinitis, among oth-ers. This led to consider the development of measuring instruments of the efforts of the hands of surgeons, so that it was possible to implement measures to improve the ergonomics of the instruments. Thus, the present study was to measure and assess the efforts exerted by the fingers of a sample of 56 individuals, in which 27 are female and 29 are male. For this was constructed a measuring platform for the efforts of the fingers and another for measuring the length of the fingers. After the acquisition of these data, this were processed and analyzed, respectively, us-ing the software Excel and the statistical analysis software SPSS, in order to be able to say which effort is made by each finger, associating with laparoscopic surgery. In IBM SPSS software, it was held the data processing by calculating the correlation coef-ficient of Spearman's Rho, which measures the intensity of the relationship between two ordinal variables, and Mann-Whitney test, this tests the equality of the medians variables. Through the application of Spearman Rho coefficient, it was possible to establish the correlation between the length and the force applied by each finger. By the application of the Mann-Whitney test it viii was possible to establish the relationship between gender and the length of the fingers, and between gender and the force applied by each finger. From the results obtained it’s expected that with the continuity of the work, it will be possible to build a laparoscopic handle instruments for the measurement of efforts. Since these will be measured not only in simulation environment as in the operating room. Hoping to improve the ergonomics of the handles of laparoscopic instruments and consequently the ergonomics of laparoscopic surgery.
Description
Keywords
Laparoscopia Instrumentos Ergonomia Esforços dos dedos