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Abstract(s)
O acelerado crescimento da população traz consigo um aumento de resíduos e consequentemente o aumento de gastos no tratamento dos efluentes, fazendo com que muitas vezes esses resíduos não sejam tratados adequadamente. Visto isso, a alta demanda por processos de tratamento com baixo custo vem tomando espaço e com isso, surgem os reatores UASB (Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket), que se apresentam altamente eficientes no tratamento de efluentes com alto conteúdo de matéria orgânica. Neste contexto, o estudo buscou a verificação e otimização do tratamento anaeróbio de efluentes domésticos e industriais através de um reator UASB, analisando parâmetros como: remoção de CQO, CBO5, SST, bem como a taxa de produção e qualidade do biogás. O reator foi previamente construído em PVC, com volume útil de 16 litros, operando durante 25 semanas sobre condições pré-estabelecidas de temperatura (30-40°C) e Caudal Volumétrico de 415, 755 e 1509 L.m-3.d-1 (TRH de 58, 32 e 16 horas). Apesar da elevada variabilidade da carga orgânica do efluente, foram obtidas eficiências médias de remoção de CQO de 75%, 82% e 69%, para QVs de 415, 755 e 1509 L.m-3.d-1, respetivamente. A CQO do efluente de saída, operando o UASB com QV de 415 L.m-3.d-1 e 755 L.m-3.d-1, mostrou valores que satisfazem o estipulado no Decreto Lei n° 236/98, num largo período do estudo. Relativamente à remoção de CBO5, a eficiência média para QV de 415, 755 e 1509 L.m-3.d-1 foi de 70%, 91% e 84%, respetivamente. Para os Sólidos Suspensos Totais foram registadas eficiências de remoção significativas, 63%, 94% e 78%, para valores crescentes do caudal volumétrico aplicado ao reator. Os processos de tratamento anaeróbios são pouco eficazes na remoção de fósforo de águas residuais (valores oscilam em torno de 5,5%), comportamento registado neste estudo. Concluindo, este estudo demonstrou que um reator UASB pode ser usado como tratamento primário de um efluente agro industrial, obtendo-se valores muito satisfatórios de remoção de CQO, CBO5 e SST para Caudais Volumétricos de 455, 755 e 1509 L.m-3.d-1. Houve ainda uma valorização energética do processo, associada à elevada taxa de produção de metano registada em largos períodos, 2500 a 4800 L CH4.Kg-1 CQO removido.d-1.
The accelerated growth of the population brings with it an increase of waste and consequently increased spending in the treatment of effluents, causing often waste isn’t properly treated. Thus, the high demand for treatment processes at low cost is taking space and with it, the UASB arise, which have highly effective in the treatment of wastewater with high organic matter content. In this context, the study sought verification and optimization of anaerobic treatment of domestic and industrial effluents through a UASB reactor, analyzing parameters such as: removal of CQO, CBO5, SST, and the rate of production and quality of biogas. The reactor was previously constructed of PVC, with a useful volume of 16 liters operating for 25 weeks ago on predetermined conditions of temperature (30-40°C) and volumetric flow rate of 415, 755 and 1509 L.m-3.d-1 ( TRH 58, 32 and 16 hours). Despite the high variability of the organic effluent load, average efficiencies were obtained CQO removal of 75%, 82% and 69% for QVs 415, 755 and 1509 L.m-3.d-1, respectively. The CQO effluent output, operating the UASB with QVs 415 L.m-3.d-1 and 755 L.m-3.d-1, showed values that satisfy the provisions of Decree Law n°. 236/98, a long period of study. For the removal of CBO5, the average efficiency for QV 415, 755 and 1509 L.m-3.d-1 was 70%, 91% and 84%, respectively. For Total Suspended Solids significant removal efficiencies were recorded, 63%, 94% and 78% for increasing values of the volumetric flow rate applied to the reactor. Anaerobic treatment processes are ineffective in wastewater phosphorus removal (values oscillate around 5,5%), the same behavior was reported in this study. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that a UASB reactor can be used as primary treatment for an agro industrial effluent, obtaining very good results of removal of CQO, CBO5 and SST for Volumetric flow rates of 455, 755 and 1509 L.m-3.d-1 (TRH 58, 32 and 16 hours). There was also a process of energy recovery associated with high methane production rate recorded in a long periods, 2500-4800 L CH4.Kg-1.CQO removed.d-1.
The accelerated growth of the population brings with it an increase of waste and consequently increased spending in the treatment of effluents, causing often waste isn’t properly treated. Thus, the high demand for treatment processes at low cost is taking space and with it, the UASB arise, which have highly effective in the treatment of wastewater with high organic matter content. In this context, the study sought verification and optimization of anaerobic treatment of domestic and industrial effluents through a UASB reactor, analyzing parameters such as: removal of CQO, CBO5, SST, and the rate of production and quality of biogas. The reactor was previously constructed of PVC, with a useful volume of 16 liters operating for 25 weeks ago on predetermined conditions of temperature (30-40°C) and volumetric flow rate of 415, 755 and 1509 L.m-3.d-1 ( TRH 58, 32 and 16 hours). Despite the high variability of the organic effluent load, average efficiencies were obtained CQO removal of 75%, 82% and 69% for QVs 415, 755 and 1509 L.m-3.d-1, respectively. The CQO effluent output, operating the UASB with QVs 415 L.m-3.d-1 and 755 L.m-3.d-1, showed values that satisfy the provisions of Decree Law n°. 236/98, a long period of study. For the removal of CBO5, the average efficiency for QV 415, 755 and 1509 L.m-3.d-1 was 70%, 91% and 84%, respectively. For Total Suspended Solids significant removal efficiencies were recorded, 63%, 94% and 78% for increasing values of the volumetric flow rate applied to the reactor. Anaerobic treatment processes are ineffective in wastewater phosphorus removal (values oscillate around 5,5%), the same behavior was reported in this study. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that a UASB reactor can be used as primary treatment for an agro industrial effluent, obtaining very good results of removal of CQO, CBO5 and SST for Volumetric flow rates of 455, 755 and 1509 L.m-3.d-1 (TRH 58, 32 and 16 hours). There was also a process of energy recovery associated with high methane production rate recorded in a long periods, 2500-4800 L CH4.Kg-1.CQO removed.d-1.
Description
Mestrado com dupla diplomação com a Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
Keywords
Efluente agro industrial Biogás Digestão anaeróbia Metano Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor