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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A osteoporose é a doença óssea metabólica mais comum. Caracteriza-se pela diminuição da
massa óssea, levando a um aumento do risco de fratura. Esta patologia afeta principalmente a
população com mais de 50 anos e maioritariamente mulheres. O risco de fratura, por fragilidade
óssea, está associado ao grau de diminuição de massa óssea do indivíduo. Esse valor determina-se
através da densidade mineral óssea (DMO). De forma a poderem ser tomadas as medidas preventivas
necessárias contra o aparecimento de fraturas provocadas pela desmineralização óssea, é necessário
atender a determinados fatores.
O objetivo deste estudo será avaliar o risco de fratura por desmineralização óssea através da
influência de diversos fatores de risco, nomeadamente, a idade da paciente, o índice de massa corporal,
a idade do aparecimento da menopausa, o consumo de café, os valores de densidade mineral
óssea nas vértebras L3 e L4 e ainda o valor de T-score na vértebra L4. Este trabalho foi direcionado
para uma população feminina com idades entre os 46 e 83 anos. Serão realizados vários estudos
com o intuito de descobrir qual o melhor algoritmo de otimização a ser utilizado e finalmente testar
se a modelação proposta, obtém resultados válidos em comparação com o diagnóstico obtido
através dos exames DEXA. Para a identificação do melhor algoritmo serão utilizados 3 métodos de
otimização local (penalidade L1, penalidade quadrática e SQP) e 3 métodos de otimização global
(GA, HGA e SA).
Palavras
Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic bone disease. It’s characterized by low bone mass, leading to an increase in fracture risk. This condition mainly affects the population over 50 years and mostly women. The risk of fracture due to bone fragility, is associated the degree of decrease in bone mass of the individual. This value is determined by bone mineral density (BMD). So it’s necessary to pay attention to certain factors and take preventive measures necessary to against the occurrence of fractures due to bone loss. The objective of this study will be to evaluate the risk of fracture by bone demineralization through the influence of various risk factors, including patient age, body mass index, age of onset of menopause, coffee consumption, the values of bone mineral density in vertebra L3 and L4 and the value of T-score of vertebra L4. This work will be directed to an female population aged between 46 and 83 years. Will be realized several studies, to find out which the best optimization algorithm, and finally test if the proposed modelation, obtains valid results compared with the diagnosis obtained through DEXA examinations. To identify the best algorithm will be used 3 local optimization methods (penalty L1, Quadratic Penalty and SQP) and 3 global optimization methods (GA, HGA and SA).
Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic bone disease. It’s characterized by low bone mass, leading to an increase in fracture risk. This condition mainly affects the population over 50 years and mostly women. The risk of fracture due to bone fragility, is associated the degree of decrease in bone mass of the individual. This value is determined by bone mineral density (BMD). So it’s necessary to pay attention to certain factors and take preventive measures necessary to against the occurrence of fractures due to bone loss. The objective of this study will be to evaluate the risk of fracture by bone demineralization through the influence of various risk factors, including patient age, body mass index, age of onset of menopause, coffee consumption, the values of bone mineral density in vertebra L3 and L4 and the value of T-score of vertebra L4. This work will be directed to an female population aged between 46 and 83 years. Will be realized several studies, to find out which the best optimization algorithm, and finally test if the proposed modelation, obtains valid results compared with the diagnosis obtained through DEXA examinations. To identify the best algorithm will be used 3 local optimization methods (penalty L1, Quadratic Penalty and SQP) and 3 global optimization methods (GA, HGA and SA).
Description
Keywords
Osteoporose Desmineralização óssea Otimização local e global